EU lawmakers express worry over BYC leaders’ arrests and demand explanation from Pakistan

The European Parliament has recently voiced its concern over the deteriorating human rights situation in Pakistan. This concern encompasses a range of issues, including the arrest of leaders from the Baloch Yakjehti Committee (BYC), enforced disappearances, restrictions on freedom of expression, and violations of political rights. The parliament’s stance underscores the international community’s increasing focus on Pakistan’s human rights record.

A motion was introduced in the European Parliament to address these issues. It received support from 95 members, indicating broad concern among European lawmakers. The motion called on Pakistan to take concrete steps to ensure the effective implementation of its international commitments related to human rights, civil liberties, and political freedoms. Its primary aim was to urge Pakistan to uphold its obligations under various international treaties.

Specifically, the motion highlighted the actions taken against BYC leaders, political activists, and human rights defenders. It condemned the use of force and repression against individuals who are advocating for rights and justice. The parliament emphasized the need for transparency and fairness in legal proceedings involving detained individuals, urging Pakistani authorities to handle such cases responsibly.

The motion also called for a review of measures taken against political activists and human rights representatives. It stressed that these measures often violate fundamental rights and hinder the democratic process. The European lawmakers urged Pakistan to ensure that cases involving detainees are managed through transparent, accountable legal procedures.

European legislators reiterated that the relationship between the European Union and Pakistan is not solely based on trade interests. They emphasized that it is also rooted in shared democratic values, respect for human rights, and the rule of law. This perspective underscores the importance of human rights as a cornerstone of diplomatic relations.

Analysts have pointed out that if the European Union concludes Pakistan is not making sufficient progress in fulfilling its human rights obligations, the trade preferences under the Generalised Scheme of Preferences Plus (GSP+) could be at risk. Such a review could lead to a reassessment of trade arrangements, affecting Pakistan’s economic interests.

The concerns expressed by the European Parliament were echoed in a recent assessment by the European Commission. This report highlighted systemic challenges in Pakistan’s implementation of international human rights conventions. It pointed out that many issues remain unresolved, posing significant obstacles to progress.

The report emphasized ongoing issues such as enforced disappearances, minority rights violations, restrictions on media freedom, limits on freedom of expression, and the right to peaceful assembly. It also pointed out the lack of accountability for human rights violations, which continues to undermine efforts for justice and reform.

Particularly concerning were the cases of enforced disappearances in regions like Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The report noted that these cases remain persistent and unresolved, with families often left without answers. Reports of extrajudicial killings also continue to raise alarm among human rights observers.

The European Commission highlighted that Pakistan’s Commission of Inquiry on Enforced Disappearances has not been effective enough in providing remedies. It has struggled to hold perpetrators accountable or to deliver justice to victims’ families. The Commission’s limited success has hampered efforts to address this grave issue comprehensively.

According to the report, no individual has yet been convicted in connection with enforced disappearance cases. Despite the high number of cases—over 9,000 that have been closed—there is little evidence linking state officials directly to these incidents. This lack of accountability deepens concerns over systemic abuses.

The report also pointed out that many cases were closed because victims returned or were reported dead. However, the circumstances surrounding their disappearances were often not fully documented, raising questions about the transparency and thoroughness of investigations. This lack of detailed records hampers efforts to establish accountability.

Additionally, the European Commission raised concerns over recent amendments to Pakistan’s Anti-Terrorism Act and certain provincial laws. These changes have expanded the powers of preventive detention, allowing authorities to hold individuals without charges or trial. Such measures pose serious risks to civil liberties and legal protections.

The Commission warned that these expanded powers could be misused against political opponents, minorities, human rights defenders, journalists, students, and families seeking information about missing relatives. There is a real concern that these legal changes could facilitate arbitrary detention and abuse.

While the review acknowledged the enactment of the Torture and Custodial Death (Prevention and Punishment) Act as a positive step, it emphasized that effective implementation remains crucial. Legislation alone cannot address the systemic issues of torture and custodial abuse without proper enforcement.

The report noted that the Pakistani government has launched training programs for law enforcement and judicial officials aimed at improving investigations and accountability. However, the available data on torture investigations, complaints, and convictions shows limited progress so far.

The European Commission also expressed concerns regarding political rights in Pakistan. It highlighted the misuse of legal procedures and the arbitrary arrests of opposition leaders and activists. These actions have created an environment of political repression, limiting democratic participation.

Specifically, the detention of former Prime Minister Imran Khan was noted as a significant concern. The report raised questions about the fairness of his trial, access to legal counsel, family visits, and medical treatment—all fundamental rights guaranteed under international standards.

Furthermore, the report pointed out that civilians tried in military courts do not always receive fair trials. These proceedings often fall short of international standards, especially those outlined in Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). This article guarantees the right to a fair, public hearing by an independent tribunal.

Regarding media freedom, the report observed that, although legislative measures have been introduced to safeguard journalists, the overall environment remains hostile. Journalists and media organizations face increasing pressure, threats, and restrictions, making it difficult for independent journalism to thrive.

The environment for free media has become more insecure and challenging, with pressure from authorities affecting the ability of journalists to report freely. This trend hampers the media’s role as a watchdog and undermines the democratic fabric of Pakistan.

In conclusion, the European Parliament’s concerns reflect a broader call for Pakistan to improve its human rights record. The international community continues to monitor these issues closely, emphasizing that genuine reform and accountability are essential for progress.